Paraphrasing is not summarizing the vibes; it is reconstructing the precise claim in your voice while preserving meaning. Aim for a few crisp sentences capturing mechanism, condition, and implication. If you cannot paraphrase cleanly, you probably did not understand. Return to the text and check. Add a one-line “so what” explaining how this connects to your ongoing problem. This discipline compounds: future you will trust these notes because they are clear, testable, and source-attached instead of vague reflections that evaporate on contact with reality.
Quotes are powerful when rare and intentional. Save them for definitions, distinctive phrasing you plan to cite, or wording whose nuance would be lost in paraphrase. Always pair a quote with your explanation of why it matters. Add page numbers and a short label that will still make sense next year. Avoid long blocks; trim to the essential lines. Purposeful quoting accelerates writing because the heavy lifting is already done. You will know exactly where a claim came from and why you kept it.
Future-proofing beats future-hunting. Record full bibliographic details, stable URLs or DOIs, publication dates, and edition notes. Include tags for project, discipline, and method. Structure this data consistently so exports, searches, and citations just work. A tiny bit of rigor here obliterates hours of friction later. Use a template to remove decisions, and test retrieval by pretending you have to cite the idea tomorrow. If you succeed in seconds, your metadata is strong. If not, strengthen the template and share your improvements with others.